Ngekota yesibili ka-2020, inani eliphelele lokungeniswa kwempahla eluhlaza ye-cobalt lifinyelele amathani ayi-16,800 ensimbi, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka ngama-19%.Phakathi kwazo, ukungeniswa okuphelele kwe-cobalt ore kwakungamathani ayizigidi ezingu-0.01 zensimbi, ukwehla okungu-92% unyaka nonyaka;inani eliphelele lemikhiqizo ephakathi yokuncibilikisa emanzi ye-cobalt lalingamathani ayi-15,800, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka ngo-15%;inani eliphelele le-cobalt elingagayiwe lalingamathani ayizigidi ezingu-0.08 zensimbi, Ukunyuka ngo-57% unyaka nonyaka.

Izinguquko kumanani entengo yemikhiqizo ye-SMM cobalt kusuka ngomhlaka-8 Meyi kuya kuJulayi 31, 2020

Idatha evela ku-SMM

Ngemva maphakathi no-June, isilinganiso se-cobalt ye-electrolytic ne-cobalt sulfate kancane kancane siye safinyelela ku-1, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokululama kancane kancane kwesidingo sezinto zebhethri.

Ukuqhathaniswa kwentengo yomkhiqizo we-SMM cobalt kusuka ngoMeyi 8 kuya kuJulayi 31, 2020

Idatha evela ku-SMM

Okuwukuphela kwezinto ezeseke ukwenyuka kwamanani kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuJuni kulo nyaka ukuvalwa kwechweba laseNingizimu Afrika ngo-Ephreli, kanye nemikhiqizo yasekhaya ye-cobalt ibiqinile kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuJuni.Kodwa-ke, izinto eziyisisekelo zemikhiqizo encibilikisiwe emakethe yasekhaya zisasebenza ngokweqile, futhi i-cobalt sulfate isiqalile ukuchithwa ngaleyo nyanga, futhi okuyisisekelo sekuthuthukile.Isidingo esezansi nomfula asithuthukanga kakhulu, futhi isidingo se-3C digital electronics singene esikhathini esingekho sokuthengwa, futhi ukukhuphuka kwentengo kube kuncane.

Kusukela maphakathi noJulayi kulo nyaka, izici ezisekela ukwenyuka kwamanani zinyukile:

1. Ukuphela kokunikezwa kwe-cobalt impahla eluhlaza:

Ubhubhane olusha lomqhele e-Afrika lubucayi, futhi amacala aqinisekisiwe ezindaweni zezimayini avele ngokulandelana.Ukukhiqiza akukathinteki okwamanje.Nakuba ukuvimbela nokulawula ubhubhane ezindaweni zezimayini kuqinile futhi namathuba okubhebhetheka kwezinga elikhulu mancane, imakethe isakhathazekile.

Njengamanje, umthamo wechweba laseNingizimu Afrika unomthelela omkhulu kakhulu.Njengamanje iNingizimu Afrika iyizwe elikhahlamezeke kakhulu e-Afrika.Isibalo samacala aqinisekisiwe sedlule ku-480,000, kanti isibalo sokuxilongwa okusha sikhuphuke ngo-10,000 ngosuku.Kuyaqondakala ukuthi selokhu iNingizimu Afrika yasusa isivimbelo ngoMeyi 1, umthamo wechweba ubambezelekile ukusimama, futhi uhlelo lokuqala lokuthumela imikhumbi lwathunyelwa maphakathi noMeyi;umthamo wechweba kusukela ngoJuni kuya kuJulayi wawungama-50-60% kuphela omthamo ojwayelekile;ngokwempendulo evela kubahlinzeki bempahla eluhlaza ye-cobalt , Ngenxa yeziteshi zabo zokuthutha ezikhethekile, isimiso sokuthumela sabahlinzeki abavamile siyafana nesikhathi sangaphambilini, kodwa akukho sibonakaliso sokuthuthukiswa.Kulindeleke ukuthi lesi simo siqhubeke okungenani ezinyangeni ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ezizayo;Isheduli yakamuva yokuthunyelwa kwemikhumbi yabanye abahlinzeki ngo-Agasti seyonakele, futhi ezinye izimpahla ne-cobalt Izinto ezingavuthiwe zithatha umthamo olinganiselwe wamachweba aseNingizimu Afrika.

Ngekota yesibili ka-2020, inani eliphelele lokungeniswa kwempahla eluhlaza ye-cobalt lifinyelele amathani ayi-16,800 ensimbi, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka ngama-19%.Phakathi kwazo, ukungeniswa okuphelele kwe-cobalt ore kwakungamathani ayizigidi ezingu-0.01 zensimbi, ukwehla okungu-92% unyaka nonyaka;inani eliphelele lemikhiqizo ephakathi yokuncibilikisa emanzi ye-cobalt lalingamathani ayi-15,800, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka ngo-15%;inani eliphelele le-cobalt engalinyiwe lalingamathani ayizigidi ezingu-0.08 zensimbi.Ukukhula ngo-57% unyaka nonyaka.

I-cobalt yaseChina ingenisa impahla eluhlaza kusuka ngoJanuwari 2019 kuya ku-August 2020

Idatha evela ku-SMM&Chinese Custom

Uhulumeni wase-Afrika kanye nezimboni bazolungisa insimbi ethathwa abaphikisi babo.Ngokwezindaba zemakethe, kusukela ngo-Agasti kulo nyaka, izolawula ngokugcwele futhi ilawule insimbi yokubamba.Isikhathi sokulungiswa singathinta ukungeniswa kwezinye izinto zokusetshenziswa ze-cobalt esikhathini esifushane, okuholela ekuhlinzekeni okuqinile.Kodwa-ke, ukunikezwa konyaka kwe-ore ngesandla, ngokwezibalo ezingaphelele, kubalwa cishe u-6% -10% wesamba esiphelele somhlaba wonke wezinto zokusetshenziswa ze-cobalt, ezinomthelela omncane.

Ngakho-ke, izinto zokusetshenziswa ezifuywayo ze-cobalt ziyaqhubeka ziqinile, futhi zizoqhubeka okungenani izinyanga ezingu-2-3 esikhathini esizayo.Ngokwenhlolovo nokucatshangelwa, uhlu lwempahla eluhlaza ye-cobalt yasekhaya lungamathani angama-9,000-11,000 amathani ensimbi, kanti ukusetshenziswa kwempahla eluhlaza ye-cobalt yasekhaya cishe yizinyanga eziyi-1-1.5, kanti impahla eluhlaza ye-cobalt evamile igcina i-2-March yokusungula.Lolu bhubhane selukhulise nezindleko ezifihliwe zezinkampani zezimayini, okwenza abahlinzeki bempahla eluhlaza be-cobalt bangabaze ukuyithengisa, ngama-oda ambalwa kakhulu, kanye namanani akhuphukayo.

2. Uhlangothi lokunikezwa komkhiqizo oncibilikisiwe:

Uma sithatha i-cobalt sulfate njengesibonelo, i-cobalt sulfate yaseShayina ngokuyisisekelo ifinyelele ibhalansi phakathi kokunikezwa kanye nesidingo ngoJulayi, futhi uhlu lwemakethe oluphansi lwe-cobalt sulfate lusekele ukulungiswa okuphezulu kwabahlinzeki be-cobalt sulfate.

Kusukela ngoJulayi 2018 kuya kuJulayi 2020 E-China Cobalt Sulfate Cumulative Balance

Idatha evela ku-SMM

3. Uhlangothi lwesidingo setheminali

Itheminali yedijithali ye-3C ingene esicongweni sokuthengwa kwempahla nesitoko engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka.Ezitshalweni zikasawoti ze-cobalt ezikhuphukayo kanye nabakhiqizi be-cobalt tetroxide, isidingo siyaqhubeka nokuba ngcono.Kodwa-ke, kuyaqondakala ukuthi iqoqo lezinto zokusetshenziswa ze-cobalt ezimbonini ezinkulu zamabhethri ezansi nomfula okungenani zingamathani ensimbi ayi-1500-2000, futhi kusekhona izinto zokusetshenziswa ze-cobalt ezingena ethekwini ngokulandelana kwazo njalo ngenyanga.I-inventory yempahla eluhlaza yabakhiqizi be-lithium cobalt oxide nezimboni zebhethri iphakeme kunaleyo yosawoti we-cobalt okhuphuka nomfula kanye ne-cobalt tetroxide.Ithemba, vele, kukhona nokukhathazeka okuncane mayelana nokufika okulandelayo kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kwe-cobalt e-Hong Kong.

Isidingo se-ternary siqala ukukhuphuka, futhi okulindelwe kuyathuthuka engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka.Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi ukuthengwa kwezinto ze-ternary ngezitshalo zamabhethri anamandla ngokuyisisekelo ngokwesikhathi eside, izitshalo zebhethri zamanje kanye nezitshalo ze-ternary materials zisesitokweni, futhi akukabikho ukwanda okuphawulekayo kwesidingo sokuthengwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ezikhuphuka nomfula.Ama-oda aphansi alulama kancane kancane, futhi izinga lokukhula kwesidingo liphansi kunalelo lamanani entengo yempahla eluhlaza, ngakho-ke amanani kusenzima ukuwadlulisela.

4. Imali engenayo enkulu, ukuthengwa nokugcinwa kwempahla

Muva nje, umbono wezomnotho omkhulu wasekhaya uqhubekile nokuba ngcono, futhi ukungena kwemali eyengeziwe kubangele ukwanda okukhulu kwesidingo semakethe ye-electrolytic cobalt.Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwangempela kokuphela kwama-alloys asezingeni eliphezulu, izinto zikazibuthe, amakhemikhali nezinye izimboni akubonisi zimpawu zokuthuthuka.Ngaphezu kwalokho, amahemuhemu emakethe okuthi ukuthengwa nokugcinwa kwe-cobalt ye-electrolytic nakho kubangele ukwanda kwamanani e-cobalt kulo mzuliswano, kodwa izindaba zokuthenga nokugcina azikakafiki, okulindeleke ukuthi zibe nomthelela omncane emakethe.

Kafushane, ngenxa yomthelela wobhubhane olusha lomqhele ngo-2020, kokubili ukunikezwa kanye nesidingo kuzoba buthaka.Izisekelo zokugcwala ngokweqile kwe-cobalt emhlabeni wonke zihlala zingashintshile, kepha isimo sokuhlinzekwa nesidingo singathuthuka kakhulu.Ukuhlinzekwa komhlaba wonke kanye nesidingo sezinto zokusetshenziswa ze-cobalt kulindeleke ukuthi kulinganise amathani ayi-17,000 ensimbi.

Ngasohlangothini lwempahla, imayini ye-cobalt ye-Glencore ye-Mutanda yavalwa.Amanye amaphrojekthi we-cobalt aluhlaza okuhlelwe ukuthi aqale ukusebenza kulo nyaka angase ahlehliselwe unyaka ozayo.Ukuhlinzekwa kwensimbi ephathwa ngesandla kuzokwehla futhi esikhathini esifushane.Ngakho-ke, i-SMM iyaqhubeka nokwehlisa isibikezelo sayo sokuhlinzekwa kwempahla eluhlaza ye-cobalt kulo nyaka.amathani angu-155,000 ensimbi, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka ngo-6%.Ngasohlangothini lwesidingo, i-SMM yehlise izibikezelo zayo zokukhiqiza izimoto ezintsha zamandla, ukugcinwa kwedijithali namandla, futhi inani eliphelele lesidingo se-cobalt somhlaba wonke sehliswa safinyelela kumathani ayi-138,000 ensimbi.

2018-2020 ukunikezwa kwe-cobalt yomhlaba wonke kanye nebhalansi yesidingo

Idatha evela ku-SMM

Yize isidingo se-5G, ihhovisi eliku-inthanethi, imikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi egqokekayo, njll. senyukile, isidingo se-lithium cobalt oxide nezinto zokusetshenziswa ezikhuphuka nomfula sinyukile, kodwa ukukhiqizwa nokuthengiswa kwamatheminali omakhalekhukhwini anesabelo esikhulu semakethe esihlaselwe yilolu bhubhane kulindeleke ukuthi iqhubeke nokuncipha, ihlanza ingxenye yomthelela ku-lithium cobalt oxide nasenhla nomfula Ukwenyuka kwesidingo sezinto zokusetshenziswa ze-cobalt.Ngakho-ke, akunqunyelwe ukuthi intengo yezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezikhuphukayo izokhuphuka kakhulu, okungase kubangele ukubambezeleka ezinhlelweni zesitoko esingezansi.Ngakho-ke, ngokombono wokunikezwa kwe-cobalt kanye nesidingo, ukukhuphuka kwentengo ye-cobalt engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka kunomkhawulo, futhi intengo ye-electrolytic cobalt ingase ishintshe phakathi kwezigidi ezingu-23-32 zamayuan/ton.