Esikhathini sokuhamba, iYurophu yaqala uguquko lwezimboni futhi yabusa umhlaba.Esikhathini esisha, uguquko lokufakwa kukagesi kwezimoto lungase luqale eShayina.

“Imiyalelo yezinkampani zezimoto ezejwayelekile emakethe kagesi omusha wase-Europe ibekwe umugqa kuze kube sekupheleni konyaka.Lolu wulwandle oluluhlaza ezinkampanini zezimoto zasekhaya.”kusho uFu Qiang, umsunguli kanye nomongameli we-AIWAYS.

Ngomhla zingama-23 kuMandulo, iqoqo lesibili lama-European U5 angu-200 athunyelwa e-European Union yi-AIWAYS yaphuma ngokusemthethweni emugqeni womhlangano futhi yathunyelwa eYurophu, yaqala ukuthunyelwa ngezinga elikhulu emakethe yaseYurophu.I-AIWAYS U5 yethulwe ngokusemthethweni eStuttgart ngoMashi nonyaka, kanti abangaphakathi embonini bayitolike ngokuthi ikhombisa ukuzimisela kwe-AIWAYs ukungena ezimakethe zaphesheya.Ngaphezu kwalokho, iqoqo lokuqala lama-U5 aseYurophu angokwezifiso athunyelwa e-Corsica, eFrance ngoMeyi kulo nyaka ukuze athole izinsiza zokuqashisa ngohambo lwasendaweni.

Umcimbi Wokuthumela I-Aichi U5 ku-European Union / Umthombo Wesithombe I-Aichi Auto

Ngemva kosuku olulodwa kuphela, i-Xiaopeng Motors iphinde yamemezela ukuthi iqoqo lokuqala lama-oda atholwe emakethe yaseYurophu lathunyelwa ngokusemthethweni ukuze lithunyelwe kwamanye amazwe.I-Xiaopeng G3i eyi-100 izoba ngeyokuqala ukuthengiswa eNorway.Ngokwemibiko, zonke izimoto ezintsha kuleli qoqo sezibhukhiwe kanti kulindeleke ukuthi zime ngokusemthethweni zilethwe ngoNovemba.

I-Xiaopeng Motors Umcimbi Wokuthumela I-Europe/Isikweletu Sesithombe U-Xiaopeng

Ngo-Agasti walo nyaka, u-Weilai uphinde wamemezela ukuthi uzongena emakethe yaseYurophu ekuqaleni kwengxenye yesibili ka-2021. U-Li Bin, umsunguli nosihlalo we-Weilai, uthe, "Sithemba ukungena kwamanye amazwe amukela izimoto zikagesi ingxenye yesibili yonyaka ozayo.”Embukisweni walo nyaka weChengdu Auto Show, uLi Bin ukubeke kwacaca engxoxweni ukuthi indlela yaphesheya “yiYurophu ne-United States.”

Amandla amasha okwenza izimoto abhekise ukunaka kwawo emakethe yaseYurophu, ngakho ingabe amazwe aseYurophu anjengoLi Bin asho ngempela, “amazwe amukela izimoto zikagesi kakhulu”?

Buyekeza umkhuba

I-Europe isiphenduke imakethe yomhlaba wonke ebalulekile yezimoto ezintsha zamandla.

Ngokusho kwedatha ekhishwe ama-ev-volumes, engxenyeni yokuqala yalo nyaka, naphezu komthelela walolu bhubhane emakethe yezimoto zomhlaba wonke, ukuthengiswa okuhlanganisiwe kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla eYurophu kufinyelele ku-414,000, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngama-57. %, futhi iyonke imakethe yezimoto yase-Europe yehle ngo-37% unyaka nonyaka;kuyilapho ukuthengiswa kwezimoto zase-China New bekungamayunithi angu-385,000, kwehle ngo-42% unyaka nonyaka, kanti imakethe yezimoto yaseChina iyonke yehle ngo-20%.

Umdwebi wamabalazwe / Umhlaziyi Wezimoto we-Yiou uJia Guochen

I-Europe ingawunqoba lo mkhuba, ngenxa yenqubomgomo yayo “yezinga eliphezulu” yokukhuthaza imoto entsha.Ngokwemininingwane evela kuGuosheng Securities Research Institute, kusukela ngoFebhuwari 2020, amazwe angama-24 kwangu-28 e-EU ethule izinqubomgomo zokukhuthaza izimoto ezintsha zamandla.Phakathi kwawo, amazwe ayi-12 amukele inqubomgomo yezinxephezelo ezimbili zemixhaso kanye nezibonelelo zentela, kuyilapho amanye amazwe enikeze impumuzo yentela.Amazwe amakhulu axhasa i-5000-6000 Euros, enamandla kune-China.

Ukwengeza, kusukela ngoJuni nangoJulayi kulo nyaka, amazwe ayisithupha ase-Europe ethule izikhuthazo ezengeziwe zokuvuselela imvelo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuthengiswa kwezimoto ezintsha ezisebenza ngamandla.Nesikhulu esiphezulu sakwaPeugeot Citroen (PSA) uCarlos Tavares wake wakhala engqungqutheleni wathi, “Uma imakethe isusa uxhaso, sizokwehla isidingo sezimoto zikagesi.”

I-Yiou Automobile ikholelwa ukuthi imakethe yezimoto zamandla entsha yaseChina isidlule isikhathi “sokuqhubekela phambili” futhi isingene kancane enkathini yoguquko olushelelayo.Imakethe yaseYurophu ingene esikhathini sokukhula ngokushesha ngaphansi kwezikhuthazo zenqubomgomo.Ngakho-ke, izidingo zezilaleli ezihambisanayo zikhuthazwa ngokushesha.Kodwa-ke, izimoto ezintsha zamandla zifuna ukuzuza emakethe yaseYurophu, futhi kusekude ukuhamba.

Umfutho oqinile okhonjiswe yimakethe yase-Europe wenze nezinkampani ezihlukene zezimoto ezikhiqiza amandla amasha zalangazelela ukuzama.

“Inkosi” ifana nefu

Embukisweni wezimoto waseFrankfurt ngoSepthemba 2019, uMatthias, uMongameli weCATL Europe, uthe, “Izindikimba ezintathu ze-IAA Auto Show yalo nyaka ukufaka ugesi, ukufakwa kukagesi nokufakwa kukagesi.Imboni yonke ikhuluma ngayo yonke into kusukela ezimotweni zenjini evuthayo kuya ezimotweni zikagesi.Mayelana nokuguqulwa kwezimoto, i-CATL isifinyelele ubudlelwano obujulile nezinkampani eziningi zezimoto zase-Europe.”

NgoMeyi ka-2019, u-Daimler wethula uhlelo lwe-“Ambition 2039” (Ambition 2039), oludinga izimoto ezihlanganisiwe noma izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi ezingenasici ukuthi zisebenze ngaphezu kuka-50% wesamba esithengisiwe ngo-2030. Eminyakeni engu-20 kusukela ngo-2019-2039, ikamu lomkhiqizo elifinyelela "ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni" lizokwakhiwa.Izikhulu zakwaDaimler zathi: “Njengenkampani eyasungulwa onjiniyela, sikholelwa ukuthi ubuchwepheshe obusha bungasisiza futhi sakhe ikusasa elingcono, okungukuthi, uhambo olusimeme nolobungani nemvelo.”

NgoMashi walo nyaka, iVolkswagen ikhiphe imoto yokuqala kagesi ekhiqizwe ngobuningi emhlabeni wonke i-ID.4.Kubikwa ukuthi iVolkswagen izokwethula izimoto ezisebenza ngamandla eziyisi-8 ezihlanganisa iVolkswagen ID.3, Porsche Taycan, Golf EV, njll emhlabeni jikelele kulo nyaka.

Ngaphezu kwezinkampani zasekhaya zezimoto zaseYurophu ezifuna ukuguqulwa kukagesi, i-CEO yakwaTesla u-Elon Musk uphinde wamemezela enhlokodolobha yaseJalimane iBerlin ngoNovemba nyakenye ukuthi i-Berlin Super Factory kaTesla izotholakala eBerlin-Brandenburg.Isifunda, futhi ekuqaleni konyaka setha "umgomo omncane" wefektri yokuqala yaseYurophu enkulu: ukukhishwa konyaka kwezimoto ze-500,000.Kubikwa ukuthi imboni yaseBerlin izokhiqiza i-Model 3 ne-Model Y, futhi ukukhiqizwa okulandelayo kwamamodeli amaningi kuzokwethulwa esikhathini esizayo.

Umdwebi wamabalazwe / Umhlaziyi Wezimoto we-Yiou uJia Guochen

Njengamanje, ukuthengiswa kwe-Tesla Model 3 kunokuhola okucacile emkhakheni wezimoto zamandla amasha emhlabeni jikelele, cishe i-100,000 ngaphezu kweRenault Zoe (Renault Zoe) esendaweni yesibili.Ngokuzayo, ngokuphothulwa kanye nokugunyazwa kweBerlin Super Factory, ukukhula kokuthengisa kukaTesla emakethe yaseYurophu kuzomele “kusheshise.”

Ziphi izinzuzo zezinkampani zezimoto zaseShayina?Ukuguqulwa kokufakwa kukagesi ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngaphambi kwezinkampani zasekhaya zezimoto zaseYurophu.

Lapho abantu baseYurophu besacwile ku-biodiesel, izinkampani eziningi zezimoto zaseShayina ezimelwe iGeely sezizethule izinhlobo ezintsha zamandla, kuyilapho i-BYD, BAIC New Energy, Chery nezinye izinkampani zitshale amandla amasha ngaphambili, futhi ziseShayina Amandla Amasha Ezingxenyeni zemakethe ezahlukene. thatha indawo.Iningi lamabutho amasha okwenza izimoto aholwa yi-Weilai, Xiaopeng, kanye ne-Weimar asungulwa ngo-2014-2015, futhi asezuze ukulethwa kwezimoto ezintsha.

Umdwebi wamabalazwe / Umhlaziyi Wezimoto we-Yiou uJia Guochen

Kepha mayelana nokuthunyelwa kwezimoto kwamanye amazwe, izinkampani zezimoto zaseChina zisemuva.Ngo-2019, umthamo wokuthekelisa wezinkampani zezimoto zaseShayina ezi-TOP10 wawungama-867,000, okubalelwa ku-84.6% wengqikithi yokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe.Imakethe yokuthekelisa ngezimoto yayibanjwe ngokuqinile izinkampani zezimoto ezimbalwa ezihamba phambili;Ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kweChina kubalele u-4% womkhiqizo usuphelele, kwathi ngo-2018 Ngo-2015, iJalimane, iNingizimu Korea, kanye neJapan babalelwa ku-78%, 61% no-48% ngokulandelana.I-China isenegebe elikhulu.

ULi Bin wake waphawula ngezinkampani zezimoto zaseChina eziya phesheya kwezilwandle wathi, “Izinkampani eziningi zezimoto zaseChina zenze umsebenzi omuhle ngokuya phesheya kwezilwandle eminyakeni edlule, kodwa azikakangeni e-Europe nase-United States, kodwa zisakwezinye izimakethe nezifunda ezingajwayelekile. .”

I-Yiou Automobile ikholelwa ukuthi eYurophu lapho “ongcweti” beya phesheya kwezilwandle, izinkampani zezimoto zaseShayina zinezinzuzo ezithile zokuqala ekuvuthweni kochungechunge lwemboni yamandla entsha.Kodwa-ke, nakuba imakethe yaseYurophu “izamukela izimoto zikagesi”, indawo ezungezile inokuncintisana kakhulu futhi ayilona “ubungane.”Izinkampani zezimoto zaseShayina zifuna ukuzuza ingxenye ethile emakethe yaseYurophu, ngamandla omkhiqizo aqinile, ukuma kwemodeli okunembayo, namasu okuthengisa afanelekile.Lutho.

"Ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke" kuwudaba olubalulekile okufanele zonke izinkampani zezimoto zaseChina zibhekane nalo.Njengabakhiqizi abasha bezimoto, i-Ai Chi, i-Xiaopeng, ne-NIO nabo bahlola "umgwaqo oya olwandle".Kodwa uma imikhiqizo emisha ifuna ukuqashelwa abathengi baseYurophu, amandla amasha nawo adinga ukusebenza kanzima.

Ngokubhekana nezidingo ezihlukahlukene zabathengi baseYurophu, uma izinkampani zezimoto zaseShayina zingakwazi ukubamba "inkathi entsha yefasitela lamandla" ezinkampanini zezimoto zaseYurophu zendawo futhi zihole ekudaleni imikhiqizo "enzima", yenze inzuzo ehlukile, ukusebenza kwemakethe kwesikhathi esizayo kusengaba. okulindelekile.

——Umthombo wezindaba China Battery Network